Nature Climate Change, Published online: 30 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s41558-025-02392-0Ecologists often leverage patterns observed across spatial climate gradients to predict the impacts of climate change (space-for-time substitution). We highlight evidence that this can be misleading not just in the magnitude but in the direction of effects, explain why, and make suggestions for improving the reliability of ecological forecasts.
Observations from the Little Bunker
Last updated: August 18, 2025 04:13 PM
Atmospheric COâ‚‚
425.4 ppm
+18.4
ppm/year
Atmospheric CHâ‚„
1934.91 ppb
+9.11
ppb/year
Global Temperature
+1.48 °C
Peak: +1.73°C
World Population
8.1 billion
+67
million/year