Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 38, September 2025. SignificanceBacteria have evolved complex ways to export proteins and one important pathway in Gram-positive bacteria is the type VII secretion system (T7SS). The T7SS exports protein toxins that play a role in both virulence and bacterial competition. …
Observations from the Little Bunker
Last updated: October 16, 2025 04:11 AM
Atmospheric CO₂
424.4 ppm
+18.2
ppm/year
Atmospheric CH₄
1933.54 ppb
+12.29
ppb/year
Global Temperature
+1.48 °C
Peak: +1.73°C
World Population
8.1 billion
+67
million/year