Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 42, October 2025. SignificanceThe Earth’s early magnetic field may have been powered by a molten silicate layer deep in the mantle, known as the basal magma ocean. As this layer gradually crystallized, it became increasingly enriched in iron, which influences its physical …
Observations from the Little Bunker
Last updated: October 25, 2025 08:10 PM
Atmospheric CO₂
425.2 ppm
+18.5
ppm/year
Atmospheric CH₄
1933.54 ppb
+12.29
ppb/year
Global Temperature
+1.48 °C
Peak: +1.73°C
World Population
8.1 billion
+67
million/year