Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 5, February 2026. SignificanceType III secretion systems (T3SSs) are syringe-like machines that inject proteins into host cells in hierarchical fashion, yet how they enforce ordered substrate release has remained unclear. We show that inSalmonella, the SPI-1 T3SS protein …
Observations from the Little Bunker
Last updated: February 24, 2026 10:22 PM
Atmospheric CO₂
429.9 ppm
+17.3
ppm/year
Atmospheric CH₄
1946.47 ppb
+6.49
ppb/year
Global Temperature
+1.48 °C
Peak: +1.73°C
World Population
8.1 billion
+67
million/year