Country: occupied Palestinian territory Source: Danish Refugee Council Please refer to the attached file. Findings from the interviews indicate that civilians across Gaza continue to face significant protection risks linked to insecurity, displacement, and barriers to accessing basic assistance. Despite the ceasefire, many of the structural conditions shaping these risks remain largely unchanged. Respondents consistently described daily life as characterized by insecurity, fragile living conditions and uncertainty about the future. Safety and security concerns remain: a majority of respondents reported feeling unsafe both within their homes (68%) and in their surrounding communities (65%). Exposure to armed violence was described as a defining feature of daily life. Fragile shelters and damaged infrastructure further increase exposure to harm, particularly in displacement sites where tents offer limited protection from conflict-related hazards or environmental conditions. These conditions contribute to persistent fear and psychological distress, with many respondents reporting anxiety, sleep disturbances and emotional exhaustion even after the ceasefire. Repeated displacement continues to affect a large proportion of households. Respondents reported relocating an average of eight times, often due to insecurity, damaged shelters, or limited access to essential services. Destruction of infrastructure, including roads and public services, combined with financial constraints and insecurity, frequently limits safe mobility. Displacement has also contributed to family separation, increased caregiving responsibilities, and heightened psychosocial stress, particularly among women heading households, older persons and persons with disabilities. Access to humanitarian assistance remains constrained: respondents reported limitations in accessing essential goods. In some cases, individuals reported exposure to insecurity, harassment, or unsafe travel conditions when attempting to reach distribution points or water sources. At the same time, some respondents highlighted inequities in aid distribution and limited information regarding eligibility or beneficiary selection processes, contributing to perceptions of exclusion among displaced populations. Overall, the findings highlight the interlinked nature of protection risks in Gaza. Insecurity, repeated displacement, unsafe living conditions and barriers to humanitarian assistance collectively contribute to heightened risks and psychological distress among affected populations. Addressing these risks requires sustained humanitarian engagement, including strengthened site management, protection-sensitive assistance delivery and improved access to humanitarian assistance, including scaled up specialised protection services, alongside continued advocacy for the protection of civilians and humanitarian access in line with international humanitarian law.

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