Abstract Ocean turbulence, crucial for regulating Earth systems, is substantially modulated by background dynamic processes. Using 8‐day‐long hourly microstructure observations over the South China Sea shelf in summer, we investigate turbulence evolution under strong stratification and successively modulated by a front and a typhoon. In the mixed layer, the front sustains strong stratification and inhibits shear and convective instabilities, suppressing turbulence and causing low eddy diffusivity Kθ and mixing efficiency Γ. Sporadic intensified subsurface mixing couples with surface‐heating‐induced sharp temperature gradient and elevates daytime Γ throughout the thermocline. Typhoon and subsequent storms then drastically weaken stratification, promote convective instability, and elevate turbulence intensity, Kθ and Γ greatly. The thermocline remains strongly stratified, suppressing turbulence and causing weak dissipation and mixing. Thermocline‐Γ stays low mostly, then rises markedly once near‐inertial waves emerge, averaging 0.15. Scaling of Thermocline‐Γ based on buoyancy Reynolds number Reb and turbulent Froude number Frt suggests Γ∝Reb−1/4Frt0.