Coastal communities in Mtwara Municipal Council, Tanzania, face increasing tropical cyclone (TC) risk, yet their multidimensional vulnerability has not been quantified. This study assessed TC vulnerability using the 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change framework integrating exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity components. Primary data from 100 households selected using randomly generated survey locations across Mtwara Municipal Council were combined with December 2025 remote-sensing and geospatial data. A total of 77 indicators were transformed, normalized, and aggregated within thematic groups to derive the Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive Capacity sub-indices and the Composite Vulnerability Index (CVI). The municipality recorded medium overall vulnerability (CVI = 0.472), comprising high exposure (E = 0.639), medium sensitivity (S = 0.377), and high adaptive capacity (AC = 0.601). The vulnerability profile was characterized by strong physical and socio-cultural exposure and education, employment, and food-security sensitivity, partly moderated by reported climate awareness, information access, and other adaptive-capacity conditions. The findings support municipal land-use planning, early-warning communication, evacuation planning, livelihood diversification, and targeted resilience investment. The municipality-level assessment provides a baseline for disaster management, resilience planning, and emergency preparedness.