This study examines the role of climate conditions in shaping per-capita electricity demand across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The analysis uses a balanced panel dataset covering 45 countries over 2000–2021, representing 990 country-year observations. To capture potential non-linear effects, a Panel Threshold Regression (PTR) model is employed, with intra-annual temperature variability serving as the threshold variable. The results reveal a statistically significant threshold at 27.04 °C2 of intra-annual temperature variance, equivalent to a monthly temperature standard deviation of 5.20 °C, indicating that the impact of temperature on electricity demand differs across climate regimes. Below this threshold, greater temperature variability is associated with higher electricity consumption, by approximately 21.9 kWh per capita in Model 1 (not statistically significant) and 27.8 kWh per capita in Model 2 (significant at the 10% level), for each additional one-unit (1 °C2) increase in intra-annual temperature variance. Seasonal estimates show that temperature fluctuations during June–August (JJA) have the strongest influence below the threshold, whereas September–November (SON) exerts the largest effect above it. Oil rents are associated with lower electricity demand, a pattern consistent with, though not conclusive proof of, substitution toward fuel-based energy alternatives. Population density contributes positively to demand, while GDP per capita shows no significant effect. These findings highlight the importance of seasonal climate variability for energy planning and underscore the need to integrate climate adaptation, demographic trends, and electrification policy in SSA.