Abstract Recent eruptions in the Canary Islands highlight an increase in volcanic activity and provide an exceptional data set to investigate subsurface processes. We present the first 3D seismic attenuation model for the 2011–2012 eruption on El Hierro, using the coda normalization method and a large seismic data set. Our results complement previous 3D velocity models, improving constraints on crustal structure, magma pathways, and intermediate storage zones. The combined interpretation supports a model in which magma ascends from a deep source through structural weaknesses, producing seismic migration patterns linked to eruptive activity. Attenuation anomalies help resolve ambiguities inherent in velocity‐only models, providing a more robust picture of subsurface conditions. These findings offer new insights into magma transport processes and may be extended to interpret recent activity on La Palma and ongoing unrest on Tenerife.